Project: Residential multi-storey building
Location: Verbania, Italy
Year: 2002
Duration: 28 working days
Technology: DEEP INJECTION
Stabilization of the sinking foundation of a multi-storey residential building
Problem
Stabilization (stop) of the object's sinking
Solution
Consolidation and strengthening of the foundation grounds
The building, erected in 1963, consists of six above‑ground floors. The structure, made of a reinforced concrete frame, rests on isolated foundations with square footings of various sizes. Shortly after construction began, gradual settlement began throughout the building, particularly concentrated on the side facing Lake Maggiore. The magnitude of settlement was approximately 15 cm. The foundation soils are predominantly silty‑clayey, with fragments of liquid consistency. The groundwater table runs along the free surface of the lake and near the final line of the foundation. The foundations consist mainly of columns with square footings ranging in plan dimensions from 1.30 x 1.30 m to 2.00 x 2.00 m. The bottom line of the plinth of individual foundations, determined during the survey, varied from 120 to 250 cm above the garage floor. All reinforced concrete structures were in good condition. Since 1986, settlement has occurred, which gradually increased over time on the side of the building facing the lake. The causes were: high loads transmitted to the soil by the building and periodic fluctuations in the groundwater level.
Problem
The solution implemented by Uretek for strengthening was aimed at achieving a soil bearing capacity of 157 kPa under 38 foundations. The number and depth of injection levels, as well as the amount of resin injected at each point, were determined during the work based on the plan size and depth level of the auxiliary structure of each foundation, the soil consistency determined during drilling, and the amount of lift recorded by laser receivers.
The project in detail
Technology applied:
Uretek Deep Injection technology was used, injecting special Uretek geopolymers. The work was carried out in two stages:
STAGE 1 – Surface compaction of soils: injection is carried out into the concave surfaces of the foundation arch to improve the geomechanical characteristics of the soils and fill macroscopic voids in the soil foundation surface.
STAGE 2 – Deep strengthening: in addition to the previous operations, other injections were carried out at different depth levels, within the volume of the soil mass subject to the loads transmitted by the building.
Solution
The number of injections performed for each foundation varied from a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 12. They were carried out at different levels to uniformly increase resistance to moisture penetration throughout the entire volume under the auxiliary structure of the foundations down to a line approximately 6.00 m from the ground surface. Subsequent tests confirmed that the client's required bearing capacity was achieved and the project was successful. Overall, the foundation under 38 foundations was compacted. The project required 28 working days.
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